> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.highmark.it/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Basic Linux Commands

> An essential guide to Linux commands for managing your VPS or server with ease.

If you've just purchased a VPS or installed Linux, the terminal might seem intimidating. In reality, with just a few commands, you can do almost anything! Here are the fundamentals to know.

### **File and Folder Management**

* `ls`: Lists files in the current folder.
  * `ls -la`: Also shows hidden files and details (permissions, size).
* `cd <folder>`: Enters a folder (e.g., `cd /home`).
  * `cd ..`: Returns to the previous folder.
* `pwd`: Shows the path of the folder you are currently in.
* `mkdir <name>`: Creates a new folder.
* `rm <file>`: Deletes a file.
  * `rm -r <folder>`: Deletes a folder and all its content (be careful!).
* `cp <source> <destination>`: Copies files or folders.
* `mv <source> <destination>`: Moves or renames files or folders.

### **System and Permission Management**

* `sudo`: Executes a command as an administrator (SuperUser). Use with caution!
* `chmod`: Changes file permissions.
  * `chmod +x script.sh`: Makes a script executable.
* `chown`: Changes the owner of a file.
* `top` or `htop`: Shows active processes and CPU/RAM usage (like Task Manager on Windows).
* `df -h`: Shows free disk space.
* `free -h`: Shows free and used RAM.

### **Package Management (Ubuntu/Debian)**

* `apt update`: Updates the list of available packages.
* `apt upgrade`: Installs available updates for installed programs.
* `apt install <program>`: Installs a new program (e.g., `apt install nano`).
* `apt remove <program>`: Removes a program.

### **Text Editors**

* `nano <file>`: Opens a simple text editor in the terminal.
  * `CTRL + O` to save, `Enter` to confirm, `CTRL + X` to exit.
* `vi` or `vim`: More advanced editor (for experts).

### **Network and Connections**

* `ip a`: Shows your local IP address.
* `ping <site>`: Verifies the connection to a site or IP (e.g., `ping google.com`).
* `wget <link>`: Downloads a file from the internet.
* `curl`: Versatile tool for transferring data or testing APIs.

### **Utilities**

* `clear`: Clears the terminal screen.
* `history`: Shows the history of used commands.
* `reboot`: Restarts the system.
* `shutdown now`: Shuts down the system immediately.

<Note>
  Guide created by HighMark - All information and contacts on my [official website: Highmark.it](https://highmark.it/)
</Note>